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Entire Thesis (pdf)
Chapters:
- Summary of Known Information
- The Order of Aurelius
- An Alternate Theory of Vampirism
- Appearance and Habitat
- Feeding Habits
- Preferred Victims
- Sexual Idiosyncrasies
- Torture
- Other Known Idiosyncrasies
- Pre-Death Biography
- Summary of Strengths and Weaknesses
- Conclusions
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WORKS CITED
1. Commonly available
- Cohen, Daniel. A natural history of unnatural things. 1936-McCall Pub. Co. 1971.
- Groot, J. J. M. de (Jan Jakob Maria). Religious system of China.
Its ancient forms, evolution, history and present aspect; manners, customs and social institutions connected therewith. 1854-1921.
- History of CBGB: http://www.cbgb.com/history1.htm
- Interview with a German Soccer Hooligan: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/hooligans/60146.stm
- Hutchinson, Francis. An historical essay concerning witchcraft. With observations upon matters of fact; tending to clear the texts of the sacred Scriptures, and confute the vulgar errors about that point. And also two sermons: one in proof of the Christian religion; the other concerning the good and evil angels. Bp. of Down and Connor, 1660-1739. Printed for R. Knaplock [etc.] 1718.
- Kearns, Emily. "Lamia". Oxford Classical Dictionary, 3rd ed. Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, eds. s.v. Oxford, 1996.
- Kramer, Heinrich, and James Sprenger. Malleus maleficarum. Institoris, Heinrich, 1430-1505.
- Murray, Margaret Alice. The god of the witches. Oxford University Press, 1970.
- Mysterious Creatures. From the Time-Life series "Mysteries of the Unknown." Time-Life, 1988.
- Scot, Reginald. The discoverie of witchcraft. 1538?-1599. Dover Publications. 1972.
- Summers, Montague, 1880-1948. The history of witchcraft and
demonology. K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., ltd.; A.A. Knopf, 1926.
2. Uncommonly available (annotated)
Publications:
- Al-Hazred, Abdul. 900-910 A.D. The Necronomicon. tr. Sir Richard Burton. British Arabic Society Press, 1878.(suppressed) This work, although dangerous to open, includes a very useful examination of the demonic spirit.
- Anon. Things to Do in Denmark When You're Dead: Following Well-Known Vampires Throughout
Europe, 1900-1950. Copenhagen: Vampir Books, 1961. This is a period for which so little is known about our subject, it is not possible to gauge the accuracy of the various accounts given. Nonetheless, it is helpful in establishing a tentative itinerary for William the Bloody as he crossed Europe with Drusilla and sometimes with Darla as well.
- Bluhansen, Christine. Darla: Duchess of Doom. (Morbid Press, Antwerp 1902). A compelling and exhaustive work on this subject, this is one of the best secondary sources on the whole clan. The scholarly bibliography was also
indispensable in detailing the existing literature.
- Bolivar, Charles, "The Children of Aurelius," Demons Quarterly, 1987 (45-62.) This is primarily a study of the family headed by Angelus and Darla, and contains some exotic and suggestive detail about their interpersonal relations.
- Bonaparte, N. Definition of Stages in Vampiric Development. New Orleans, 1845 (private collection). The standard work in this area, it is enlivened by its range of colourful case histories. Its statistics are impeccable, but its observations are somewhat dated by its early Victorian assumptions about the nature of vampirism, and ultimately this limits slightly its utility.
- Branter, Jan and Petersen, Peter. Never Look a Vampire in the Mouth. New York: Penguin Publishing, 1943. Although this work is designed as an exercise in (often inappropriate) humour, the author appears well-acquainted with the individual vampires named in it, in a way that can only be explained as personal acquaintance, and so the work cannot be wholly discounted, despite being frequently distasteful.
- Brisby, Sir Nicholas. "The Death of Chen Ma," in Slayer Death Reports. London: COW Publishing, 1914. Although written in his customary bland and chilly prose style, this watcher's account of his efforts to learn the exact circumstances of Chen Ma's death reads almost like a Conan Doyle mystery, and the care taken to ensure his Slayer will be remembered is so poignant that it might better have been entitled "Elegy for a Slayer".
- Brockman, Harry ed. Famous Vampire Skirmishes. Maple Park: Never Never Publishers, 1982. The sources are not given, but this work is clearly based on various watchers' diary accounts of legendary interactions, and as such is one of the most invaluable sources we have on fighting styles.
- Chenanceou, Edward. The Reaching Hand of the Master. London: Council of Watcher's internal monographs, (1884.)This is the most comprehensive study of the Master and of the Order of Aurelius under his rule.
- Childe, Bertrand. The Devil's Executioner - Sightings and Slayings, 1822. Early in his career he served as an apprentice to the demon hunter Daniel Holtz, and gives an eyewitness account of the occasion on which Angelus and Darla destroyed all of Holtz' family.
- Council of Watchers. Protocols for the Use of Field Researchers, CoW Publications, London 1873, 4th ed. 1984. These protocols, intended to cover every possible contingency in the field, have been useful not only with regard to the handling of research materials, but also in evaluating the materials contained in Watchers Diaries. Some gaps, however, remain that might be remedied when the
comprehensive revision, now in progress for some years, is finally made available.
- Czorza, Vaclev. Illustrated History of Mid-European Mobs. Prague: Dobro Press, 1998. This book is invaluable for its careful accounts of both known occasions when Drusilla nearly fell to mobs, 1956 Hungary and 1977 Prague. The details of how Drusilla incited them, and how William the Bloody came to her rescue, explain much about the dynamic that has kept this couple together for so long.
- De Sevigne, Clemence. Angel/us Un/Souled: Monster, Man, Metaphor. NY: Postmodern Pansy Press, 1984. This is the preeminent work on Angel(us), and it is admirably thorough. It is somewhat marred by its now discredited assessment of the disconnect between unsouled Angelus and souled Angel, but its preoccupation with the effects of the soul remains both fascinating and disquieting in considering the culpability of the unsouled vampire.
- Dreibelbus, Amy, "The American Aurelians," Demon Hunters, 1988 (65-75.) This is an attempt to draw up a proper ahnentafel account of the Aurelians after the Master came to North America.
- Everet, Thomas. Demonology-A Class Below, 2nd Ed., Hidden Creek Publishing, 1992. This reference book contains some surprising insights, considering its garish exterior. The author has clearly done much serious research, and all the members of the Line of Aurelius are insightfully limned.
- Gellar, Fredrick. Angelus and Drusilla. London: COW Press. 1993. This includes a full account of the siring of Drusilla.
- Gould, Russell. Vampyre, Vampyre, Burning Bright, Xenophobe Press, 1978. This vampire interviewer has attained a certain notoriety in popular circles, but is not well-regarded by serious scholars. The encounter he describes with William the Bloody in 1976 is fascinating, but unverifiable.
- Greenburg, Charles, and Lois Pearson. Master Vampire: The Alpha Male's Role in the Vampire
Clan, London: Little Brown & Company, UK Ltd. 1980. This work, although precisely defining Angelus' methods and motives, has proven less useful in examining William the Bloody. Although within the clan it was Angelus and Darla who were dominant, William's exploits post-clan clearly make him a master vampire, but the model cannot seem to contain or explain his patterns of behavior.
- Herman, Frederick. Worst Case Scenario - Surviving Creatures of the
Night. Tallahassee: University Presses of Florida, 1996. The work purports to be a study of the tactics employed by particular vampires, with the emphasis on how to survive an encounter, a rather bizarre venture in itself. Nevertheless its strategies are interesting, though the sources for its information remain obscure.
- Hillerup, Peter: A Vampire's View of the Black Death. Toronto: Yersinia Pestis Press, 1962. Now reprinted in a scholarly edition, this famous eyewitness account of the plague years in Europe has been definitively ruled authentic.
- Hindle, John. Deeds of the Dead, Swan Press, 1989. The veracity of Hindle's accounts has been questioned, and he is cavalier about listing the provenance of his quoted primary sources. Unfortunately, I can find no extant records to back up or discredit his account of, for instance, the 1905 Prague incident.
- Holmes, M., A Monograph on the Secret Loves of HRH Prince Albert. Privately published, 1903. This treatise advances the fanciful, but mesmerizing, argument that William the Bloody was originally part of the Royal Family.
- Holst, Brandon J: "Darla, The Birth of Monster," Journal of Paranormal Activity of North America. 1956 (254-298.) Although Darla has been much studied, this is not only one of the most insightful accounts of her style in predation, but is also the fullest account of her tireless work on behalf of the Aurelian Order.
- Hopkins, Jonathan. Punch Magazine, February 1887. On the mayhem at the premiere of Ruddigore.
- Ivanovich, Peter. The Demon Half, Hidden Creek Publishing, 1994. This work has a very interesting premise, which might well repay further study. He includes several interesting stories about William and Drusilla, and his sources are usually impeccable.
- Jacobs, Christopher M. The Order of Aurelius: A Dynasty of Terror. Special Issue of the Journal of the Watcher's Council of Britain, 1942. This is the definitive study of the means and mission of the Order throughout the whole history of its existence.
- Jansa et. al. Illustrated History of New England Massacres. Philadelphia: Pendant Publishers, 1977. This is the only source available that discusses the Viewridge Massacre, since both the Watcher and Slayer Diaries from this period have been lost. For this reason it is difficult to assess its accuracy, and the account may have been exaggerated for the purposes of popular publication.
- Landau, Martha. "Drusilla Uncovered," Journal of the Occult. 1994 (90-132.) This study, by the reigning expert on Drusilla in the current generation, usefully examines the early years of her siring.
- Landau, Martha. "Drusilla, the Dark Queen." Council of Watchers Quarterly Report. 1983. A comprehensive biography that extends from Drusilla's human origins to her incursions in the present day.
- Law, Anita. The Vampire Beside Me. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1982. This is a fascinating memoir by a trained observer. Her careful portrait of William's ability to blend in with his habitat has been invaluable.
- Le Cochon et al., Le Vampirisme explique comme le Loup-Garou, le Yeti et les Pieds-Large, Sorbonne, 1974. This fascinating medical study of vampirism, suggesting that it may be a potentially curable infection, has often been discredited, and his original records were unfortunately destroyed after his disappearance, but this work is meticulous and provocative.
- Lee, C. et al. Changing with the Times, Hammer Press, London, 1979. A seminal work on changes in feeding habits, based on maturation, its arguments elegantly explain the (often contradictory) mass of data accumulated over the last two centuries of study in this field.
- London Daily Telegraph (1880s).
- London Times (1880s).
- London Times: Obituary 17 August 1877; 21 August 1877; 10 January 1877.
- London Times and Pall Mall Gazette March 15-May 2, 1880.This is the best source for the details surrounding the railroad spike murders.
- Lugosi, B. A Pointed Autobiography. Hollywood Press 1939 (suppressed). This book is full of errors so egregious one can only wonder at the purpose of the fiction.
- Mariposa, Emile de. The Family of Aurelius, Volume 1, The Master-Ness and Volume 6 Darla and
Angelus. London: Council of Watchers internal monographs, 1902-1923. Considerable attention has been paid to this infernal family over the years, but these exhaustive studies remain definitive.
- Marsh, Edwin. A compendium of Vampiric Lives, 1977. A full account of the reconciling of Marsh's various sources is given in the "Appearance and Habitat" section.
- McBeight, N. Vampirism as a male chauvinist mytheme, 1988, NYU. This 'history of psychology' style thesis develops its pop-psych profile of the vampire by using rapist models to describe power/powerless expression of sexual prowess. Because it regrettably fails to document any actual subjects, however, it is mainly a curiosity.
- Mimsy, Sir Paul. "Vampiric Killing and Feeding Habits" in Vampyr. London: Police Press, 1847. Although these notes seem authoritative in defining the habits of the garden-variety issue vampire, they have not proved very useful in explaining the career of William the Bloody.
- Newton, Brenda. Vampires, Werewolves and Witches, Oh My!: True Tales of Surviving the Supernatural. San Francisco:Chronicle Books, 1997. These are typically sensationalized accounts, but one must feel grateful that they exist at all, given that living witnesses tend to be so rare, so it was a treat to find herein an eyewitness to one of William's rampages.
- Nixon, Grant. Serial Killers: Motives and Victims. Seattle: University of Washington Press,1990. This
modeling of standard types has proved very useful in defining the current subject.
- O'Leary, Clarissa. "A Dangerous Delirium: Drusilla the Mad",
Vampire Quarterly 1942: 1-23. For some reason Drusilla has not been as extensively studied as her sire and grandsire, so this academic treatment is particularly welcome. Though the roots of her madness are not illuminated here, the results are certainly painstakingly documented.
- Pall Mall Gazette (1880s).
- Pierce, Edward, et al. London Times, 22 January 1887. Another account of the murders at the Ruddigore opening night.
- Piston, Joan and Harten, Randy. Chance Encounters - A Book of Finding Love in All the Wrong
Places. Maple Park: Never Never Publishers, 1987. Amidst much romantic drivel, this book contains a spectacularly inappropriate but surprisingly sympathetic account of the love affair between William the Bloody and Drusilla. Although its sources are not given, it seems to have much insider knowledge, as do all the works from this publisher, and its detailed account of the Prague incident, for instance, cannot be disproven.
- Questor, Hermione. Centenary and Millenarian Apocalyptic Movements. CoW, 1955. This masterful work is by far the best source on its subject. Exhaustive and densely erudite, the work repays the careful attention required to negotiate its wealth of detail.
- Schickelgrueber, O. T., et al, Die Daemonen MittelEuropas, parts I to VII, Heidelberg 1856. These famous works constitute an exhaustive set of case studies of ordinary persons suddenly afflicted by vampirism, generally to their poignant bewilderment. The weight of the evidence makes an unspoken but compelling argument against the assumption that they are in any way responsible for their own unhappy fates.
- Slandish, Michael. Statistics of the Undead. Chicago: Stodgy Presses, 1996. These statistics, though an interesting extension of Durkheimian models, may not stand up under scrutiny, given the small sample size available, and so have been quoted herein more as a curiosity than as an authoritative source.
- Strom, Lana. Blight of the Night, Hope Publishing, 1983. This memoir, of dangerous encounters on the fringe of the largely-Goth club scene in Los Angeles, contains a compelling account of encounters with some dangerous acquaintances that included, over a period of several months, both Spike and Dru.
- Sullivan, Jerome, "Captain Gilbert's Final Voyage." Journal of Paranormal Activity of North America. 1912 (4-32.) This groundbreaking paper establishes both the means and the manner of the Master's arrival in the New World.
- Taylor, Hermione, Colonial Vampires. Boston: Burning Stake Press, 1944. The product of extensive archival research into primary sources for the period, this is the work that changed the face of scholarship in this area of study.
- Tiber, Eliot. The Times Herald-Record. Middletown, NY, 1994.
- Travers, Quentin et. al. Who's Who in the World of Damned Creatures. London: COW Publishing, 1988. This is the standard text in the field, or at least in Council headquarters. The treatment of Spike is lengthy and definitive, as are all the entries pertaining to the Order of Aurelius. It assigns little importance to Watchers' and Slayers' Diaries, however, preferring to rely on internal documents generated by the Council.
- Tynan, Kenneth. "Essay". The New Yorker, 1982. This study of the great actress Louise Brooks was helpful in establishing the broad general background of her life, in order to better establish dates and context for her letters.
- Wackernagel, Luhan. Theory and Phenomenology of Siring: Towards a Behavioural Analysis of
Vampirism, London 1974(unpub.) The theory behind this work, although still controversial, proved to be a much better match to the particulars of William the Bloody's case than the orthodox hypothesis which assumes character death, and it is to be hoped that later studies might build on the insights of this particular work.
- Walsh, Margaret. Dissecting Demon Physiology. Los Angeles: Swastika Press, 1998. This is a fascinating preliminary study, setting out parameters for useful physiological experiments, which only came to my attention late in the thesis process. Rigorous studies of vampire physiology are rather thin on the ground, owing to the difficulty in garnering suitable subjects. Now if the author were only in Sunnydale, she might be able to make a deal with the Slayer to provide suitable material for further study.
- Walsh, Margaret. Psychology of Night Creatures. Los Angeles: Swastika Press, 1997. This standard reference work is problematic in explaining the career of William the Bloody taken as a whole: there are simply too many anomalies present, especially after he moves out of the Angelus family. Much more research, beyond the scope of the present thesis, needs to be done in order to develop more fruitful ways of
modeling vampire behavior.
- Walsh, Margaret and Goldstein, R.K. "Accumulated Data on Subterrestrial Feeding Habits, species 3079". Journal of Occult Defense (classified) 27.2 (1999): 14-38. This work was kindly made available pre-publication by the authors, eminent
behavioral psychologists interested in modification issues, and offers exciting fresh insights on this subject. Based largely on captive specimen, on which various tests were conducted, it seems to be
modeling parameters for a much larger study still to come.
- Zeitchmier, J.S. Aspects of the Demonic Psyche. Berlin, Unterhimmel Verlag, 1893. A compelling and seminal study of the vampire psyche, his Law of Demonic Differentiation has been extraordinarily helpful in sorting out the unique character of WtB.
Unpublished materials: Diaries, Journals and Interviews
- Anon. Interview with Fledgling vampire, Willy's Place,1996.
- Anonymous: The Sentry's Letter. c. 268. Rome: Vatican Archives. This important document describes the death of the Slayer Livia at the hands of an Aurelian.
- Arrest records of Division H (Whitechapel), Scotland Yard, 1876-79.
- Berke, Edmund. Accounts from the Field, 1878-1881, p. 117. One of the field watchers sent by the Council to discourage the Angelus family in 1880 from nesting in London, his account is provocative but at times maddeningly short on detail.
- Brisby, Sir Nicholas. Personal Diary. CoW, 1900. This personal diary of the period in which Chen Ma was his charge freely reports the Watcher's grief and guilt about the death of his Slayer Chen Ma. Very few personal diaries of Watchers survive, for whatever reason, and the raw emotion contained in this diary suggests that Watchers may not be quite as objective about their charges as the official Watcher's Diaries tend to indicate.
- Brisby, Sir Nicholas. A Watcher's Diary. Unpublished, 1874-1902. His reports on his Slayer charge and on existing conditions are quite valuable and succinct, and add much to our knowledge of the hunting behavior of Angelus and his infernal family.
- Brooks, Louise. Letters. Unpublished, Eastman House Archive. This iconic actress knew William casually in her youth in Berlin, and met him again in old age, and her intelligent account of him at both ends of a long life is most intriguing.
- Carlisle, Garrett. A Watcher's Diary. Unpublished,1961-1977. This account includes much data on the murder of the New York City Slayer by William the Bloody.
- Childe, Bertrand, correspondence with Holtz, 1772. This correspondence contains an eyewitness account of a rendezvous in Marseilles between Angelus and Darla and companions James and Elizabeth. The description of James and Elizabeth has been erroneously conflated by later scholars with that of Spike and Drusilla, which has in turn allowed error to creep into the dating of the siring of William the Bloody.
- Crowley, Bernard. A Watcher's Diary. Unpublished,1970-1981. Mr. Crowley seems to have given his Slayer more latitude than is usual in making her own decisions in the field, but his account of events surrounding her death at the hands of William the Bloody is admirably thorough, especially in establishing the vampire's preferred methods of stalking his prey.
- Death Records, St. Peter's Parish, London England.
- Gareth, Aubrey. Diary of a Watcher Vol. 7, 1932. A notebook account by a Watcher with a notably long career, this volume consists mainly of extensive study notes on the more famous vampires of the day, detailing their appearance, habits, and fighting styles.
- Gates, Edward. Watcher's Council Correspondence. Unpublished, 1880-1881.This account of William in Angelus' party during the Yorkshire sojourn is strikingly detailed and provides much insight into the differences in style already emerging between Spike and Angelus.
- Giles, Rupert. A Watcher's Diary. Unpublished, 1986-1998. The author's observations are now considered by the Council to be unreliable, owing to the unorthodox methods he is known to have employed in the field. Nevertheless this researcher has found him to be surprisingly accurate on the elusive subject of this thesis, during the period of William the Bloody's year-long sojourn at the Sunnydale hellmouth. Although my security clearance was not high enough to gain unrestricted access to these records, Mr. Travers was kind enough to let me examine photocopies of pages specifically mentioning William the Bloody, with the restriction that I could not make notes or quote Mr. Giles directly.
- Giles, Rupert. Interview with Several Demons conducted at Willie's Place (unpub.) 1996.
- Holtz, Private Papers. Annals of the Society of Demon Hunters, XVIIIth Century, Vol. 11. Holtz' personal account of his long and tragic pursuit of Angelus and Darla, who retaliated by killing his whole family, is chilling.
- James, Robert. A Watcher's Diary. Unpublished, 1920-1956.
- Kundera, Janna. Watcher's Journal. Unpublished, 1997. This Watcher's notes are very comprehensive and detailed and have been invaluable in sorting out all the particulars of Drusilla and Spike's horrific sojourn in Prague in 1997 that, but for his rescue, might have ended in Drusilla's death at the hands of a mob. Unfortunately, only photocopies of specific pages were made available to this researcher, so it was not possible to examine the whole document in context.
- Lipscomb, Charles. Testimony in the inquest into the murder of Bryan Ganning and Genevieve Winston. Metropolitan Police records, London, 1880. This graphic account of the condition of the bodies, by the coroner assigned to the railroad spike murders, has proved useful, but is limited in its conclusions by the primitive state of forensic science in that day and age.
- Mulder, Fox. Phone Interview, 24 Nov 1996. Mr. Mulder, a well-known profiler for the Federal Bureau of Investigations in the United States, was most helpful in providing a broad overview to the questions arising from this sort of enquiry.
- Nokes, Richard. Private correspondence, 18 June, 1877. Nokes was a constable in Division H during this period.
- O'Connor, Jerome. Vampire Case Files throughout Great Britain, 1875-1885.O'Connor was a field watcher for the Council in London during this period, assigned to tracking the most notorious vampires of the day, and in the pursuit of his duties he documented all the police cases that had the potential to impact on his own activities. Since not many official case files survive during this period, we are lucky to have these meticulous records to track the extent of vampiric predations in London during this period.
- Pang Ch'i-Hao. A Monograph from the Secret Order of the Righteous Fists. John Wyndham-Price, translator. Unpublished, 1902. An interesting first-hand account of the 1900 vampire apocalyptic movement in the Far East by an Oriental observer who lived through the period.
- Police Blotter, Scotland Yard Archives (1880). These records provide a simple and effective way of establishing dates when the Angelus clan was living in London.
- Police Blotter, Metropolitan Police, Scotland Yard. 23 January 1887. These entries are relevant to the affaire of the Ruddigore premiere.
- Police files, Village of Froggatt, Derbyshire. May 1880. Evidence of the route taken by the Angelus family between London and Yorkshire in 1880.
- Scully, Dana. Phone interview, 26 Nov 1996. A forensic investigator for a Special Unit branch of the
FBI, Miss Scully was kind enough to examine for me transcripts of the inquest into the railroad spike murder of Genevieve Winston in 1880, and came to some provocative conclusions about motive and method that suggest intriguing new areas of inquiry.
- Smith, Darian. Drusilla: Mad, Bad, Vampire or Misunderstood Seer? Unpublished thesis, University of Sussex, 1990. This thesis takes an unorthodox look at the problem that is Drusilla, but some of its most interesting sources are not independently verifiable.
- Smith-Cato, Bryce. A Watcher's Diary. Unpublished, 1849-1889. Smith-Cato's sketchy diary documents the first known example of William the Bloody's distinctive handiwork: since there are no reliable sightings of the vampire himself until 1880, this record plays a pivotal role in establishing more nearly his original date of onset.
- Summers, Buffy. A Slayer's Diary. Unpublished, 1996-1998. Unorthodox and unrepentant, the lack of discipline so characteristic of this Slayer is faithfully reproduced in these pages. Although her intimate relationship with the vampire Angelus during this period beggars belief, it clearly coloured her viewpoint on William the Bloody, but the account of her various battles with him and the curious alliance between them when Angelus raised Acathla undeniably provokes many questions. This writer was not able to examine the original record, still presumably in the hands of the author, but photocopies of some entries were made available upon petition.
- Ulpius, Personal journal. c. 221. London: Watcher Council of Britain Private Archives. This priceless artifact is the earliest known account by a Watcher.
- Van Beuren, Claudia, "Examining the Scourge: Angelus Revealed." Vampire Hunters. 1971 (189-247.) This article contains many revealing details that are not found elsewhere.
- Weilert, NG et al. Ancient Slayer Lore of Greece and Rome, London COW Press, 1858. Full of extremely interesting background material, this is the standard text for this whole period.
- Weir, Raquel. Slayer diary. Unpublished, 1908-10. This particular Slayer has unusually good writing skills and a flair for detail, and her diaries are quite engrossing. This is the first eyewitness account of William the Bloody in North America.
- Whedon, Martin. Jamestown from the Underside. London: COW Press, 1998. This is a compelling account of the 1622 massacre near the Jamestown settlement now generally understood to be the handiwork of Darla and the Master.
- Wyndham, Wesley. A Watcher's Diary. Unpublished,1898-1914. This little-known account of a late-Victorian encounter is quite intriguing in its careful account of the charm this vampire exerted on his intended victims.
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